Nations Near Agreement on a Global Plastics Treaty

Negotiators say a binding treaty to curb plastic pollution is within reach after a breakthrough session.

Key takeaways

  • A draft treaty targets a 60 percent cut in plastic waste by 2040 across 175 nations.
  • It pairs the target with single-use rules, recyclable-design standards and a fund for lower-income countries.
  • Producing states still resist caps on new plastic production, the hardest remaining gap.
A rocky coastline meeting the open sea.

Negotiators from 175 nations say a legally binding treaty to curb plastic pollution is within reach after a breakthrough session narrowed the biggest disagreements. The draft under discussion would set a global target to cut plastic waste by 60 percent by 2040, measured against current levels.

For the first time the argument is about numbers and dates, not about whether there should be a treaty at all. That is what the endgame of a negotiation looks like.

- Dr. Ngozi Bello, environmental policy negotiator, Global Environment Forum

The world produces more than 400 million tonnes of plastic a year, and only a small fraction is recycled. Earlier rounds had stalled over whether the treaty should cap production or focus solely on waste management.

What the draft contains

The current text pairs the 60 percent reduction target with binding rules on single-use plastics, product-design standards to make packaging recyclable, and a fund to help lower-income countries build waste systems. This is the fifth negotiating round of a process that has run for two years.

What could still derail it

A group of producing states continues to resist firm caps on new plastic production, favouring recycling and clean-up commitments instead. Negotiators cautioned that the remaining gaps, though narrower, are the hardest, and that a breakthrough session is not the same as a signed treaty.

Frequently asked questions

What would the plastics treaty do?

It would set a binding global target to cut plastic waste by 60 percent by 2040, with rules on single-use plastics, recyclable design and a fund for poorer countries.

How many countries are involved?

Negotiators from 175 nations, in the fifth round of a two-year process.

What is the main sticking point?

Whether the treaty should cap new plastic production; some producing states favour recycling and clean-up commitments instead.

Sources & further reading

  1. Global plastics treaty negotiationsUN Environment Programme
  2. Plastic pollution dataOECD